Method of manufacturing hollow articles formed of flexible strip material



March 21, 1939.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING HOLLOW AR'IICLES FORMED OF FLEXIBLE STRIP MATERIAL Original Filed Jan. 8, 1955 EDOUARD L. DIOT Patented Mar. 21, 1939 UNITED vSTATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING HOLLOW ARTICLES FORMED F FLEXIBLE STRIP MATERIAL Edonard- Lonis Diot, Neuilly-snr-Seine, Franco Application January 8, 1935, Serial No. 909. Re- IIOWGd 25, 1938. In Alllfl 30, 1934 19 Claims. (ci. 93:49.1)

bon or strip of flexible material, paper, cardboardor the like, wound helicoidally on a mandrel of a'corresponding shape.

According to the method of manufacture which forms the object of the present invention,

there is employed as the ribbon or strip for form- 1 ing the hollow body, a ribbon or strip having corrugations in a transverse direction with reference to its length and on'its whole width; thesaid corrugations are substantially arranged over all the length of the strip to be wound on the tapered 15 or contoured portion of the mandrel; so, one edge of the said strip is able to be more orless elongated relatively to the other during the winding of the said strip on the tapered or contoured portion of the mandrel; in these conditions, the 20 successive helical turns of the strip are wound fiat one upon another along the mandrelirom' one of the ends of the article to be made to the other; at the same time, they are joined together by any known means such as an adhesive ma- 5 terial, glue or-the like provided on one part of the width of the inner face of" the ribbon or strip.

In this way, without drawing out the fibres of the material constituting the ribbon, in other words, without modifying the internal texture of 30 this ribbon, it is possible to make hollow'bodies of conical or any desired profile, and in a simple and rapid manner.

With a strip or ribbon of the above kind having transverse corrugations on its whole width, 5 such as creped material, e. g. creped paper, the tensiongiven to the strip or ribbon for its correct winding on the mandrel, and the application of the ribbon to all the conical or contoured part of the mandrel, sufiices to produce the elongation of the corrugations necessary for making the contoured part to be obtained; in the various parts of the width of the strip or ribbon this elongation has the desired amplitude;

By employing the method above defined, it be- 45 comes possible to manufacture hollow bodies other than cylinders, and notably, bodies of revolution, of truncated conical form, or the generatrix of which is a curved line like the profile of a bottle. At each of its ends this receptacle may be closed by any suitable means. For example, its end of larger diameter maybe provided with a stamped or pressed bottom; this bottom is engaged in the receptacle to the desired extentand then it is crimped. A capsule placed on the end 55 of the small diameter of the receptacle completes the closure of the latter. This, capsule may then i be sealed in any desired manner.

According to one particular mode of carrying out the present'invention, one of the ends ofthe lateral wall of the receptacle may comprise, for 5 its manufacture, a sleeve for supporting the turns of this part of the winding. This sleeve is first placed on the forming mandrel and the winding is commenced on this'sleeve, the primary turns employing a sleeve for the formation of the end of the wall of the receptacle situated toward the small base, the sleeve may be constituted by a stamped piece having a solid bottom which then forms the closure member for that end of the receptacle. This bottom is then first mounted on the mandrel; the free end of the ribbon or band for forming the article is fixed, for instance, by glueing to the side wall of the bottom at any desired point from the wall, and the winding of the ribbon is done up to the large base of the article to be made. If this article is intended to be filled, and is a bottle, for instance, its filling is. effected by its large open base, which can then be closed, as before, by means of a bottom stamped and crimped.

According to the present invention, also, the ribbon employed for making the articles may be of a transparent or translucent material, so as to allow the material with which the receptacle may be subsequently filled, such as a liquid, when the article is a bottle, to be seen from the outside. 1

As already said, the successive turns or convolutions of the ribbon are joined together,the ribbon being provided on one part of the width of its inner face with an adhesive material, such as glue or the like. I

In all cases, once the receptacle is formed and before filling if it has to be filled, it may be provided internally with a suitable lining, for example, an impermeable lining, consisting for instance, of a film or coating of paraflin wax. It

may also be treated externally in any ,desired manner.

hollow contoured bodies like those above defined.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through. the said ribbon.

Figure 3 is afront view-of the same ribbon as it has been deformed in the course of its application to the contoured part of a mandrel for forming an article like that in Figures 4 and 5.

Figure 4 shows, on a reduced scale, an elevation of a paper bottle made according to the invention.

. Figure 5 is a vertical axial section through the. said bottle. I

Figure 6 shows an arrangement for forming and closing the neck of a bottle similar to the preceding one.

In the various figures, the same reference numerals designate the same elements.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, I is a ribbon or band serving for the making of hollow bodies in accordance with the invention. This ribbon has undulations or corrugations 2 which may be of any desired amplitude, so as to enable it to be elongated by pulling on it, or rather by deforming it so as to make it take an arcuate form, as in Figure 3 by exerting,-for example, a greater pull on its edge 4 than that exerted on its opposite edge 3. With such a ribbon fixed or gripped by one of its ends on the end of the smaller diameter of a mandrel having the shape of the article to be made, it is possible, either by communicating a rotary movement to this mandrel, or by rotating the said ribbon about the mandrel, to wind this ribbon onthe mandrel from the small base of the mandrel to-its large base in such a manner as to obtain an article 5 of the'shape shown in Figure 4. This figure shows that the article has a shoulder part G6, a cylindrical part i, and a reinforcing member at each of its ends, namely, a reinforcing member 8 for the neck of the bottle, and another 9 for the bottom of the latter each of said reinforcing members may be made by circular turns of the strip or ribbon.

When forming the narrow part of the article 5 that is, when forming the cylindrical neck 8, the ribbon is circularly wound on the mandrel and consequently merely a uniform tension over all its width. Each of its edges 3 and 4 undergoes no deformation relative to the other; on

, in a greater or less degree, under the action of the variable traction to various points in its width and due to ,the contour of the mandrel; at each point in the width of the ribbon the traction depends on this contour. The turns or con- 'vulations 'of the ribbonthus automatically deformed, wind themselves-flat one upon the other, forming progressively the lateral wall of the article to'be made (Figures 4 and 5).

As hereinabove stated, the reinforced end part 9 can be formed by winding the ribbon upon itself a number of times circularly instead of helically, the circularly coiled ribbon being continuous with the helically coiled ribbon.

. As shown in Figure 5, once this lateral wall is made, it may ,be provided with a bottom Iii, formed by a piece stamped from cardboard or like material, the flange ll of which can be turned towards the lower edge of the piece I.

This edge is then compressed internally by crimping at II on the side wall ll of the bottom III. A capsule l3 may then-be placed on the neck 8 and held thereon in any suitable manner, for instance, by an impervious membrance of Cellophane or other suitable material affixed in any known manner.

As has been stated, according to one particu lar mode of carrying out the invention, a sleeve l4 of paper, cardboard or the like (Figure 5) may first be placed on the mandrel for forming the bottle, at one of the ends of this mandrel. The ribbon I is then fixed at its free end on this sleeve l4 by glueing, for example. The winding of the ribbon is then done and continued from the end of this sleeve l4 which is to constitute the small base of the article up to the opposite end of the mandrel, that is to say, until the completion of the visible side wall 5 (Figure 5). To facilitate the removal of this article from the mandrel, the latter may be divided, from one end to the other, into two or more parts, on a diametral plane or radial planes, these parts being, for instance, hinged to each otherat the small base or end of the mandrel, so as to permit them to be slightly aproached together when the making of each article is finished.

As already stated, a stamped end piece l5 made integral with the sleeve 14 may be employed for the formation of the side wall 5 (Figure 6). This end-piece l4l5 is mounted on the small base of the mandrel so as to cap it. The free end of the ribbon l for forming the article is fixed at a point IS on this end-piece (Figure 6) so as to leave visible 8, length h of this end-piece, and the winding of the ribbon is performed as before, the various parts 8, 5, I, 9, of the wall 5 being formed successively. When the winding is finished, the hollow article obtained is automatically closed at its end of smaller diameter,-

troducing the liquid from the large end 9-. The stamped bottom III is, after the filling, fixedon the bottle 5 by crimping at II the .end 9 of the bottle.

To empty the sealed bottle thus obtained, it

end-piece l5, one serving for the entry of air, and the other for the discharge of the liquid.

It will be understood that the modes above indicated of 'making shaped objects are given only by way of example.

sufllces to pierce two holes I1 and I8 in the,-

In the drawing, I9 indicates an impervious lining applied to the internal face of the hollow article 5, this lining being formed, for example, by a layer of parafiin wax.

The outer surface of the articles manufactured as above may also be coated, printed, decorated,

etc.

The ribbon employed for the formation of hollow articles of the type above defined may also be a smooth ribbon of paper, cardboard, etcetera;

.in that case, before its winding on the mandrel,

or even during its unwinding from the reel, it is corrugated .on all or part of its width. For example, this crimping of the ribbon may be done by passing it between two cylindrical By selecting the dimensions of the milling teeth so that the ribbon may be subsequently deformed in the same way as the creped ribbon of Figures 1 and 2 as it is being wound on to the mandrel one can obtain, with the ribbon thus crimped in the course of its unwinding, articles of similar form to those obtained with the creped ribbon of Figures 1 and 2.

As has been hereinbefore indicated, instead of crimping, a smooth ribbon uniformly over all its width, this ribbon may be directly brought, by crimping between .conical milling tools for example, to the form shown in Figure 3corresponding to the maximum deformation that the ribbon has to undergo during its winding. In this way, when forming parts of the article to be made that are cylindrical or little contoured,' the ribbon will automatically undergo an in-- verse deformation, bringing it wholly or partly back to its original state'.

Thanks to the method abovedeflned, receptacles may be made .under particularly remarkable conditions of manufacture, which make possible the manufacture of such receptacles intended only to be used once, in the case of milk bottles, for instance, these receptacles being then thrown away when their contents are emptied.

It is to be noted that, especially in cases where 'these receptacles are used for holding liquids,

they have the property of offering a remarkable resistance to shocks, owing to the special flexibility of their wall, due both' to the nature of the material, paper, cardboard, etc., of which the wall consists, and on the other hand to the corrugations of the ribbon from which the wall of these receptacles is made.

This advantage is particularly valuable where the receptacles are filled with liquid, for instance milk, and are subjected to handlingthat is not always done with the gentleness desirable.

It is to be understood that in the following claims, the expression contoured portion" means any portion other than a cylindrical portion, such as a tapered or conical portion, or a portion of any curved profile.

Having now particularly described tained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same .is to be performed. I declare that what I claim is:

1. A method of making hollow articles having cross-sections of. different sizes which consists 'in winding helically on a mandrel of correspondother longitudinal edge of the strip is. elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flatcne upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other during the winding and Joined together.

- and then removing from the mandrel the article 2. A method of making hollow articles having cross-sections of different sizes which consists in winding helically on a mandrel of a' corresponding shape a -strlp of a flexible material transversely creped at least on the wholeand asceror the length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the cross section of the mandrel which is larger .than the cross-section of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other during the. winding and joined together, and then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained, y

'3. A method of making hollow articles having cross-sections of diflerent sizes which consists in winding helically on a. mandrel of a corresponding shape a strip of paper transversely creped at least on the whole of the length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the'mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the crosssection of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other during the winding and joined together, and then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained.

4. A method of making hollow articles havin cross-sections of different sizes which consists in winding helically on a mandrel of a; corresponding shape a strip of flexible material having on the whole of the length to be wound on any con-' toured part of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of thecross-section of the mandrel which is largerthan the crosssection of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other during the winding, at least one circular turn of the stripbeing made at at least one of the ends of the mandrel, each turn of the strip being joined to the previous one, and then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained.

' 5. A method of making hollow articles having cross-sections of diiferent sizes which-consists in mounting a sleeveon the free end of a mandrel the shape of which corresponds to that of the article to be obtained, fixing on the said sleeve one of the ends of a strip of. flexible material having, at least, on the whole length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, winding helically the saidstrip on the said sleeve and then. on the mandrel by setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the cross-section of the mandrel which is larger than the cross-section:

of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge ofthe strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other duringthe winding and joined together, and then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained.

6. 'A method of making containers having cross-sections of diflerent sizes which consists in mounting, a piece having a bottom provided with a flange on the freeend of a mandrel the shape of. which corresponds to that of the containers to be obtained, fixing on the said flange one of the ends of a strip of flexible material having at least on the whole length to he wound on any contouredpart of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have" substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip,

winding helically the said strip on the said flange and then on themandrel by setting; the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the cross-section of the mandrel which is larger than the cross-section of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, joining each turn of the strip to the previous one, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other, and then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained.

7. A method of making containers having crosssections of different sizes which consists in mounting a piece having a bottom provided with a'flange and the free end of a mandrel the shape of which corresponds to that of the containers to be obtained, fixing on the said flange one of the ends of astrip of flexible material having at least on the whole length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, winding helically the said strip on the said flange and then on the mandrel by setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner. that its longitudinal edge in front of the cross-section of the. mandrel which is larger than the cross-section of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, joining each turn of the strip to the previous one, the successive helical turnsqof the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to theother and at least, one circular turn of the strip being made at, at least, one of the ends of the mandrel, and

then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained. g

8. A. method of making hollow articles having cross-sections of different sizes which consists in winding helically on a mandrel of corresponding shape a strip of flexible material having on the whole length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, providing the said strip during the said winding with an adhesive coating on one part of the width of its inner face which is nearest the small end or the mandrel and setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the cross-section of the mandrel which is larger than the cross-section .of the setting the said strip obtained.

9. A method of making containers having crosssections of different sizes which consists in winding helically on 'a mandrel the shape of which correspondsto that of the containers to be obtained a strip of flexible material having at least on the whole length to be wound on any contoured part of the-mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, setting the said strip during its winding onany contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the cross-section of the mandrel which is larger than the cross-section of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other and at least one convolution of the strip being made with a nil pitch at, at least, one of the ends of the mandrel, then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained, and providing the said article with a bottom at one of its ends,

10. "A method of making containers havin cross-sections of different sizes which consists in 'mounting a sleeve on the free end of a mandrel the shape of which corresponds to that of the containers to be obtained, fixing on the said sleeve one of the ends of a strip of flexible material having, at least, on the whole length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, transverse.

, ence to its original length and the length of this latter edge, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other and at least, one convolution of the strip being made with a nil pitch at, at least, one of the ends of the mandrel, then removing from the mandrel the article thus obtained, and providing the said article with a bottom at one of its ends.

11. A method of making containers having cross-sections of. different sizes which consists in mounting a piece having a bottom provided with a flange on the free end of a mandrel the shape of which corresponds to that of the containers to be 1 obtained, fixing on the said flange one of the ends of a strip of flexible material having, at least, on the whole length to be. wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, winding helically the said strip on the said' flange and then on the mandrel by during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the crosssectien of the mandrel which is larger than the cross-section of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, joining each turn of the strip to the previous one, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel. from one end to the other-and at least, one convolution of the strip being made with a nil pitch at, at least, one of the ends of the mandrel, and then removing from the mandrel the container thus obtained.

12. A method of making containers having cross-sections of different sizes which consists in mounting a piece having a bottom provided with a flange on the free end of a mandrel. the shape of which corresponds to that of the containers to be obtained, fixing on the said flange one of the ends of a strip of flexible material having at least on the whole length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, winding helically the said strip on the said flange and then on the mandrel by setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of themandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the crosssection of the mandrel which is larger than the cross-section of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, joining each turn of the strip to the previous one, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other and, at least, one convolution of the strip being made with a nil pitch at, at least, one or the ends of the mandrel, then removing from the mandrel the container thus obtained, fllling the said article through its open end, providing the said open end with a bottom having a flange turned towards the outer edge 01' the said open end, crimping the said outer edge over the said flange and setting the said crimped edge against the said flange.

13. A method of making containers having cross-sections of different sizes which consists in mounting a piece. having a bottom provided with a flange on the free end of a mandrel the shape of which corresponds to that of the containers to be obtained, fixing on the said flange one of the ends of a strip of flexible material having at least on the whole length to be wound on any contoured part of the mandrel, transverse corrugations that have substantially the same value throughout the width of the strip, winding helically the said strip on the said flange and then on themandrel by setting the said strip during its winding on any contoured part of the mandrel in such a manner that its longitudinal edge in front of the cross-section of the mandrel which is larger than the cross-section of the mandrel situated in front of the other longitudinal edge of the strip is elongated with reference to its original length and the length of this latter edge, joining each turn of the strip to the previous one, the successive helical turns of the strip being thus wound flat one upon another along the mandrel from one end to the other and, at least, one convolution of the strip being made with a nil pitch at, at least, one of the ends of the mandrel, then removing from the mandrel the container thus obtained, providing one, at least, of outer or inner sides of the said article with an impervious lining before filling the said container through its open end, providing the said open end with a bottom having a flange turned towards the outer edge of the said open end, crimping the said outer edge over the said flange and setting the said crimped edge against the said flange.-

EDOUARD LOUIS DIO'I'. 

